두 문장을 하나로 만드는 절 (clause) / 부사절 (adverbial clause) 2

* 부사절 줄여 쓰기

(1) 부사절과 주절의 주어가 같을 경우 부사절을 짧게 줄여 쓸 수 있습니다.

When I saw her, I smiled. -- 두 절의 주어가 반드시 동일
Seeing her, I smiled. -- 부사절의 주어와 접속사를 없애고 동사를 Ving로

While I was working in the garden, I found a gold mine.
Working in the garden, I found a gold mine. -- 진행형이면 be 동사 빼고 Ving

1> 이렇게 부사절을 줄여쓴 상태의 Ving 부분을 분사구문이라고 부르기도 하고 또는부사구로 고쳐 쓴 것이라고도 합니다.

2> 그런데 이렇게 줄여 쓴 상태에서 원래 부사절의 주어(주절과 동일) 동사(시제는 주절과동일)는 쉽게 알아낼 수 있지만, 접속사를 골라내는 것이 문제가 됩니다. 보통 가장 흔한 경우는 while 로서 부사절 줄여 쓰기의 약 50% 정도입니다. 하지만 나머지 경우는 부사절의 모든 접속사를 다 대입하여 생각해야합니다. 이 때 접속사를 제외한 나머지 문장의 내용이 가장 큰 힌트입니다. 그러므로 부사절과 주절 모두 내용을 파악한 후 접속사를 생각합니다.

Being young, he has to take care of his baby sister.
Although he is young, .......----- 부사절의 시제는 주절로 결정 (has - is),앞뒤 내용을 비교할 때 접속사는 although

Leaving early, we could get on the train.
Because we left early, we could get on the train.

3> Ving 가 ~하는 동안으로 해석되는 경우가 많은 것은 두 가지 이유가 있습니다. 첫째, while 은 결국 주어가 주절과 부사절에서 두 가지 동작을 동시에 하고 있는 상황에서 자주 쓰이고 두 번째는 예전에는 and 로 연결되고 주어가 같아도 이런 식으로 줄여 쓰기를 했기때문입니다.

While she was standing at the door, she was crying.
--> Standing at the door, she was crying.

She was standing there and she was crying.
--> Standing at the door, she was crying.



(2) 접속사의 파악

when & while - 줄여 쓴 경우 가장 판단하기가 어려운 것은 이 두 가지입니다. 그래서while을 그냥 두거나, when~ 이라는 점이 분명하도록, On(upon) Ving 으로 씁니다.

On seeing him in the stadium, she felt sorry.
While talking to Najung, Chilbong couldn't smile.

after & before - 대부분의 상황은 전/후를 판단하기가 어렵기 때문에 이 접속사는 생략할 수 없습니다. 그래서 after / before 는 보통 생략하지 않습니다.

After saying goodbye to Najung, Chilbong left.

*한걸음 더 - after를 생략하고 ving 대신 Having pp를 쓸 수 있습니다.

After Suji met Junho, she could see his true intension.
After meeting Junho, Suji could see his true intension.
Having met Junho, Suji could see his true intension.



문제1) See if you can make the sentence short. If you can, please do.Be careful. You can't change some of them.

While I was walking down the street, I saw men who were selling socks.

When I found a cute pair of foot socks, he was looking at me.

While I was hesitating, a woman came to but ones.

When I saw the woman, I made up my mind to buy a pair.

While I was paying for them, one little boy looked at Inoo.

While I was standing there, Inoo was looking down to smell.

After I paid for my socks, my son and I kept going.

When we got home, I tried my new socks.

When I looked down, they were so cute and comfortable.

When I found out that the socks are lovely, I made up my mind to go out for another.

When I got there again, there were a few different ones.

After I picked one, I compared them to the old ones.

When I came back, Hyunsun has already come.



문제2) You can rewrite the sentence if you can.

1. While I was preparing the last dinner for her, I was crying.

2. Having been there for several times, I want to go somewhere else.

3. When they start the game, they were heard new rules which were against them.

4. Since she's started the class, she has had many students.

5. Before going to bed, you should drink some water.

6. Walking in the secret garden, she found the authentic Korean style.

7. On hearing the bell, he ran to the front door to greet his guests.

8. Please hand in your homework on time after you finish your homework.

9. When you are in trouble I can help you.

10. Since moving to this town, I've been to every corner of it.

11. After we finished the project, we went to downtown to find something fun.

12. After coming back home my mom and I rushed to the bathroom.

문제3) Rewrite sentences, and translate them into Korean.

1. On first arriving in the US, he couldn't speak any English.

2. Having eaten my breakfast, I rushed to school.

3. Waiting for my boy friend, I bumped into my friend.

4. Returning from South America, he got sick.

5. While talking with her, I counted spots on her face.

6. Having a bad cold, she couldn't go to school.

7. Shaking my head, I stepped closer to the window to get a better look.

8. While asking her to take care of the rear, I was trying to figure outthe way out.

9. Taking lots of examples from the stories of great men, my dad gave me alesson.

10. She was yelling at me, looking for her vintage clutch.

11. The shocked guard went through carriage after carriage asking whether therewas a doctor on the train.

해답

문제1) See if you can make the sentence short. If you can, please do.Be careful. You can't change some of them.

While I was walking down the street, I saw men who were selling socks.
--> Walking down the street, I saw men who were selling socks.

When I found a cute pair of foot socks, he was looking at me.

While I was hesitating, a woman came to but ones.

When I saw the woman, I made up my mind to buy a pair.
--> Seeing the woman, I made up my mind to buy a pair.

While I was paying for them, one little boy looked at Inoo.

While I was standing there, Inoo was looking down to smell.

After I paid for my socks, my son and I kept going.

When we got home, I tried my new socks.

When I looked down, they were so cute and comfortable.

When I found out that the socks are lovely, I made up my mind to go out for another.
--> Finding out that the socks are lovely, I made up my mind to go out for another.

When I got there again, there were a few different ones.

After I picked one, I compared them to the old ones.
--> After picking one, I compared them to the old ones.

When I came back, Hyunsun has already come.



문제2) You can rewrite the sentence if you can.

1. While I was preparing the last dinner for her, I was crying.
--> Preparing the last dinner for her, I was crying.

2. Having been there for several times, I want to go somewhere else.
--> After I went there for several times, I want to go somewhere else.

3. When they start the game, they were heard new rules which were against them.
--> Starting the game, they were heard new rules which were against them.

4. Since she's started the class, she has had many students.
--> Starting the class, she has had many students.

5. Before going to bed, you should drink some water.
--> Before you go to bed, you should drink some water.

6. Walking in the secret garden, she found the authentic Korean style.
--> While she was walking in the secret garden, she found the authentic Korean style.

7. On hearing the bell, he ran to the front door to greet his guests.
--> When (as soon as) he heard the bell, he ran to the front door to greet his guests.

8. Please hand in your homework on time after you finish your homework.
--> Please hand in your homework on time after finishing your homework.

9. When you are in trouble I can help you.

10. Since moving to this town, I've been to every corner of it.
--> Since I moved to this town, I've been to every corner of it.

11. After we finished the project, we went to downtown to find something fun.
--> After finishing the project, we went to downtown to find something fun.

12. After coming back home, my mom and I rushed to the bathroom.
---> After my mom and I came back home, we rushed to the bathroom.

문제3) Rewrite sentences, and translate them into Korean.

1. On first arriving in the US, he couldn't speak any English.
--> When he first arrived in the US,

그가 미국에 처음 도착했을 때 그는 영어를 전혀 하지 못했다.

2. Having eaten my breakfast, I rushed to school.
--> After I ate my breakfast,

아침을 먹은 후에 나는 서둘러 학교로 갔다.

3. Waiting for my boy friend, I bumped into my friend.
--> While I was waiting for my boyfriend,

내 남자친구를 기다리는 동안 나는 우연히 내 친구를 만났다.

4. Returning from South America, he got sick.
--> When he returned from South America, he got sick.

그가 남미에서 돌아왔을 때 그는 병이 들었다.

5. While talking with her, I counted spots on her face.
--> While I was talking with her, I counted spots on her face.

내가 그녀와 이야기하는 동안 나는 그녀의 얼굴에 점을 셌다.

6. Having a bad cold, she couldn't go to school.
--> Because she had a bad cold, she couldn't go to school.

그녀가 심한 감기에 걸렸기 때문에 학교에 갈 수 없었다.

7. Shaking my head, I stepped closer to the window to get a better look.
--> While I was shaking my head, I stepped closer to the window to get a better look.

머리를 흔들면서 나는 더 잘 보기위해 창으로 다가갔다.

8. While asking her to take care of the rear, I was trying to figure outthe way out.
--> Asking her to take care of the rear, I was trying to figure out the way out.
--> While I asked her to take care of the rear, I was trying to figure out the way out.

내가 그녀에게 뒤를 봐달라고 부탁하는 동안 나는 출구를 알아내려고 애 쓰고 있었다.

9. Taking lots of examples from the stories of great men, my dad gave me alesson.
--> While my dad was taking lots of examples from the stories of great men, he gave me a lesson.

아빠가 위인의 이야기에서 많은 본보기를 가져오며 그는 나에게 교훈을 주었다.

10. She was yelling at me, looking for her vintage clutch.
--> She was yelling at me, while she was looking for her vintage clutch.

그녀는 자신의 빈티지 클러치백을 찾으면서 나에게 소리를 지르고있었다.

11. The shocked guard went through carriage after carriage asking whether therewas a doctor on the train.
--> The shocked guard went through carriage after carriage while he was askingwhether there was a doctor on the train.

충격을 받은 경비원은 기차에 의사가 있는지를 물으며 열차 칸에서 칸을 모두 돌아다녔다.

* 주부 김희진은?
- 수도여고, 한양대학교(신문방송학과)를 졸업했습니다.
- 2002~2003년 캐나다 VCC(Vancouver Community College)에서 테솔 과정(TESOL certificate)을 수료하고 아들 영어 공부를 위해 ‘이야기 문법책’을 만들었습니다.
- 궁금한 점이나 의문사항이 있으면 khjhy85@hanmail.net으로 언제든지 연락주세요.

[저작권자ⓒ 한스타미디어. 무단전재-재배포 금지]